Midziyo yeWellhead

Vharuvhu yemashavishavi, inozivikanwawo sevharuvhu yekuputira, imhando yevharuvhu inotonga inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana kudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Ine zvikamu zvakakosha zvakasiyana, zvinosanganisira muviri wevharuvhu, hunde yevharuvhu, ndiro yeshavishavi, uye rin'i yekuvharira. Zvikamu izvi zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti vharuvhu inoshanda zvakanaka uye nemazvo.

Inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira mafuta ekusimudza ekugadzira kudzora zvinobudirira kumanikidzwa kwemukati megomba remvura uye kudzivirira kuputika.
Chinodzivirira kuputirwa netsvimbo yekusveta chakashongedzerwa nemakondohwe akakosha chinogona kusunga tambo yepombi, kuvhara nzvimbo iri pakati petambo yepombi nemusoro wetsime, uye zvakare kutsungirira huremu uye kutenderera kwetambo yepombi iri pasi.

Flange dzinonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza michina yemusoro wetsime. Muti weKisimusi nemimwe michina yekudzora tsime. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinosanganisira flange yeshinda yespool yeflange uye Blank Flange nezvimwewo.

Vharuvhu yeChoke ndiyo chikamu chikuru chemuti weKisimusi uye yakagadzirirwa kudzora kugadzirwa kwemafuta, zvinhu zvemuviri uye zvikamu zvevharuvhu yechoke zvinoenderana zvizere neAPI 6A uye NACE MR-0175 Standard Specifications, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuboorera peturu mugungwa nekunze kwenyika. Vharuvhu yethrottle inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa kuyerera nekumanikidzwa kwesystem ye manifold; Kune mhando mbiri dzevharuvhu dzekudzora kuyerera: dzakagadziriswa uye dzinogadziriswa. Vharuvhu dzethrottle dzinogadziriswa dzakakamurwa kuita mhando yetsono, mhando yemukati yekeji, mhando yekeji yekunze uye mhando yeplate yeorifice zvichienderana nechimiro; Zvichienderana nemaitiro ekushanda, inogona kukamurwa kuita manual uye hydraulic two. Kubatana kwekupedzisira kweVharuvhu yeChoke ishinda kana Flange, yakabatana neisina kana flange. Vharuvhu yeChoke inowira mu: positive choke valve, neelement choke valve, adjustable choke valve, cage choke valve uye orifice choke valve, nezvimwewo.

Mavharuvhu egedhi revhu igedhi rakasimba, tsinde rinokwira, mavharuvhu egedhi ane zvisimbiso zvinogara kwenguva refu, mavharuvhu aya akagadzirwa zvinoenderana neAPI 6A standard. Anonyanya kushandiswa padhaka, simende, kupwanyika uye sevhisi yemvura uye ari nyore kushandisa uye ari nyore kugadzirisa.

Vharuvhu yeplagi chinhu chakakosha mukushanda kwecement nekupwanya muminda yemafuta nekuchera pamwe nekudzora mvura ine simba rakawanda. Ine chimiro chakasimba, kugadzirisa kuri nyore, torque shoma, kuvhura nekukurumidza uye kushanda kuri nyore zvekuti ndiyo vharuvhu yakanakisisa pakati pemavharuvhu ecement nekupwanya pari zvino. (Mashoko: vharuvhu inogona zvakare kuvhurwa kana kuvharwa zviri nyore pasi pe10000psi.)

Kill manifold chishandiso chinodiwa pakudzora kuzara kwemvura nekuputika kwemvura, uye kushandisa tekinoroji yekudzora kumanikidzwa kwemvura mumatsime emafuta negasi.
Munguva yekucherwa kwematsime emafuta negasi, kana mvura inocherwa iri mutsime yasvibiswa nemvura inogadzirwa, kuenzana pakati pekumanikidzwa kwesimbi yemvura inocherwa nemvura inocherwa kuchakanganiswa, zvichikonzera kuzara kwemvura nekuputika kwemvura.
Kana zvichidikanwa kutenderera mvura yakacherwa kana pombi yekuchera matsime emvura ine simba rakagadziriswa kuitira kuvakazve hukama uhwu hwekuenzanisa, asi kutenderera kwakajairika kusingagone kuwanikwa kuburikidza netambo yekuchera, mvura yekuchera ine simba rakagadziriswa inogona kupombwa mutsime kuburikidza nekill manifold kudzora kumanikidzwa kwetsime remafuta negasi.

Vharuvhu yekuchekesa yakagadzirwa uye inogadzirwa zvizere zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zveAPI 6A 《Zvishandiso zveWellhead neKisimusi》, zvinokwanisa kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana nemidziyo yekuchekesa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika zvinoenderana neAPI 6A Standard. Iyo core inoshandisa simbi inodzivirira sulfide uye inogona kushandiswa mumamiriro eH2S, muviri wevharuvhu wakagadzirwa nesimbi ye alloy ine mashandiro akanaka. Mhando mbiri dzevharuvhu dzekuchekesa dzinopihwa ne landrill: Swing type neLift type.

Zvinhu zvirimo
1. Dhizaini yakazara inobvisa kudonha kwekumanikidzwa uye mafungu emvura uye inononotsa zvimedu zvakasimba mumvura.
kushambidza mavharuvhu;
2. Dhizaini yekuisa chisimbiso yakasiyana, zvekuti torque yekuchinja inoderedzwa zvakanyanya;
3. Zvisimbiso zvesimbi zvinogadzirwa pakati pebhoneti nemuviri wevharuvhu, ndiro yevharuvhu nerin'i yechigaro chevharuvhu;
4. Kupfapfaidza pamusoro pesimbi (kufukidza) kusungirira kabhidhidhi yakasimbiswa, ine simba rakanaka rekupfeka, inodzivirira ngura;
5. Mhete yechigaro inogadziriswa neplate yakagadziriswa kuti irambe yakagadzikana zvakanaka;
6. Hunde yacho ine nzira yekuvharira yakapindurwa kuti iite kuti rin'i yekuvharira denderedzwa itsiviwe nekumanikidzwa.

Choke manifold ndiyo michina inodiwa kudzora kukaka uye kushandisa tekinoroji yekudzora kumanikidzwa kwematsime emafuta negasi. Kana chinhu chinodzivirira kubhururuka chavharwa, kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yekuvharira kunodzorwa nekuvhura nekuvhara vharuvhu yethrottle kuti kumanikidzwa kwegomba repasi kurambe kwakakwira zvishoma pane kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yekuvhurira, kuitira kudzivirira kuyerera kwemvura kubva mugomba kuenda mugomba. Pamusoro pezvo, choke manifold inogona kushandiswa kuderedza kumanikidzwa kuti ivharwe zvinyoro nyoro. Kana kumanikidzwa mugomba kwakwira kusvika pamuganhu wakati, inoshandiswa kuputira kudzivirira musoro wetsime. Kana kumanikidzwa kwetsime kwawedzera, mvura iri mugomba inogona kusunungurwa kudzora kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yekuvhurira nekuvhara vharuvhu yethrottle (inogadziriswa nemaoko, inogadziriswa ne hydraulic uye yakagadziriswa). Kana kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yekuvhurira kwakakwira zvakanyanya, inogona kuputira zvakananga kuburikidza nevharuvhu yegedhi.