Zvekucherechedza pakushanda kwekubata hove dzine ngura?

Muindasitiri yemafuta negasi, kubata hove dzemachubhu ane ngura ibasa rakakosha asi rakaoma. Sezvo machubhu achiwanzokundwa nengura nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita senzvimbo dzakaoma dzemugomba, maitiro emakemikari nemvura, uye maitiro emagetsi, kusimba kwechimiro chawo kunoderera, zvichikonzera kupwanyika uye kuwira mukati megomba remvura. Pakuita mabasa ekubata hove dzemachubhu ane ngura, zvinhu zvinotevera zvinoda kutariswa zvakanyanya:

1. Kuongorora Mamiriro Emugomba Wakadzika Zvakanaka

 Pamberi pebasa rekubata hove, kunzwisisa kwakazara kwemamiriro egomba rekudonha kwakakosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuona nemazvo nzvimbo uye huwandu hwegomba rekudonha, chimiro nemamiriro ehove (gomba rakadonha), uye chikonzero chekubatwa kwayo. Nzira dzepamusoro dzekucheka matanda dzakadai se ultrasound imaging uye magnetic resonance imaging dzinogona kushandiswa kuwana ruzivo rwakadzama nezvenzvimbo iri mugomba rekudonha. Semuenzaniso, muTahe Oilfield, nekuda kwemamiriro akaoma egomba rekudonha rine tembiricha yakakwira, kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, uye mvura inoparadza, ongororo yakakwana yekutanga kwekushanda inodiwa kuti pave nehurongwa hwekubata hove hunoshanda. Kusanzwisisa kana kusanzwisisa mamiriro egomba rekudonha kunogona kutungamira kusarudzo yezvishandiso nenzira dzisina kukodzera dzekubata hove, zvichiwedzera kuoma kwebasa racho.

2. ZvakakodzeraChishandiso Chekubata HoveSarudzo

Zvichienderana nekusasimba kwemachubhu ane ngura, kusarudza maturusi ekuredza kwakakosha. Maturusi ane simba rakawanda anogona kukuvadza chubhu yatove isina simba. Semuenzaniso, kana madziro emachubhu akatetepa zvakanyanya nekuda kwengura, kushandisa chishandiso chine simba rakawanda rekubata kunogona kukonzera kuti chubhu iputsike kuita zvidimbu zvakawanda. Pane kudaro, maturusi ane nzira dzekubata zvinyoro nyoro, dzakadai semapfumo ekuredza anotorwa ane machira e elastic slips kana majagi ekuredza ane nzvimbo dzekubata dzakarukwa nerabha, ndiwo akakodzera. Mune zvimwe zviitiko apo hove dzine chimiro chisina kurongeka, maturusi ekuredza akagadzirwa kana akasarudzika anogona kudiwa. Semuenzaniso, pamachubhu ane nzvimbo dzisina kurongeka, musanganiswa wechishandiso chekugayaKuchekerera kukuvara uye chishandiso chakakodzera chekubata kuti chizotorwazve chingave chakakosha

3. Kudzora Paramita Yekushanda Kwakasimba

Munguva yekuredza hove, kudzora kwakasimba kwezviyero zvekushanda kwakakosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvinodzora zvakaita sehuremu pa bit (WOB), kumhanya kwekutenderera, uye simba rekudhonza. WOB inofanira kuchengetwa padanho rakaderera, kazhinji isingapfuure 5 kN, kudzivirira kuremedza chubhu ine ngura uye kuita kuti ityoke. Kumhanya kwekutenderera kunofanirawo kuva kunononoka, kazhinji pasi pe30 r/min, kudzivirira torque yakawandisa kubva pakukuvadza chubhu. Pamusoro pezvo, kana uchishandisa simba rekudhonza kuti utore hove, inofanira kuitwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye nekungwarira. Kudhonza kamwe kamwe kana zvakanyanya kunogona kutungamira mukupwanyika kwechubhu kana kuburitswa kubva mubato remudziyo. Panyaya yeSZ 36 - 1A tsime muBohai Oilfield, kudzora kwakaringana kwezviyero izvi kwakakosha kuti chubhu ine ngura uye yakakura iwane ngura.

4. Kutarisa Nguva Chaiko uye Kuchinjika

Kugara uchitarisa mashandiro ekubata hove panguva chaiyo kwakakosha. Kutarisa ma parameter akadai se tool torque, simba rekudhonza, uye hunhu hwe wellbore fluid zvinogona kupa mhinduro nekukurumidza pamusoro pekufambira mberi kwebasa. Chero shanduko dzisiri dzenguva dzose mu parameter idzi, dzakadai sekudonha kamwe kamwe kwesimba rekudhonza (zvichiratidza kuti pombi inogona kutyoka) kana kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwe torque (zvichiratidza kuti maturusi akavharwa kana kuti tube embango), zvinofanira kukonzera kumira kwekushanda ipapo ipapo. Panguva ino, mamiriro ezvinhu anofanira kuongororwazve, uye kugadziriswa kwakakodzera kurongwa rwekubata hove, senge kushandura chishandiso kana kugadzirisa ma parameter ekushanda, kunofanirwa kuitwa. Semuenzaniso, kana kutarisa kuchiratidza kuti torque iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma panguva yekuredza, zvingave zvakakosha kuderedza kumhanya kwekutenderera kana kugadzirisa zvishoma nzvimbo yechishandiso kudzivirira kubatwa.

5. Kudzivirira Kukuvadzwa Kwechipiri

Kudzivirira kukuvara kwemugodhi wemvura uye machubhu akasara ndicho chinhu chinonyanya kukosheswa. Panguva yekubata hove, kungwarira kunofanira kuitwa kuti kusakwenya kana kukuvadza chivharo paunenge uchitora chubhu ine ngura. Kushandisa maturusi ane nzira dzakakodzera dzinotungamira uye dzinodzivirira, dzakadai se centralizers, kunogona kubatsira kuona kuti chishandiso chekuredza chinofamba zvakanaka mugodhi wemvura pasina kurovera nechivharo. Pamusoro pezvo, pakugaya kana kucheka chubhu ine ngura (kana zvichidikanwa), matanho anofanira kutorwa kudzivirira marara kuti asavhare chivharo chemvura kana kukonzera kukuvara kwezvimwe zvishandiso zvepasi. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kushandisa mvura yakakodzera yekuchenesa chivharo chemvura uye kuona kuti mvura inoyerera zvakanaka kuti ibvise marara.

6. Kutarisira Mvura Inoshanda Zvakanaka

Mvura inoyerera mutsime ine basa guru mukubata hove. Haingobatsiri chete mukutonhodza nekuisa mafuta muzvishandiso zvekuredza asiwo inokanganisa kusimba kwechubhu ine ngura nechubhu. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mvura inoyerera mutsime inogona kudiwa kugadziriswa kana kugadziriswa. Semuenzaniso, kana mvura yacho iine zvinhu zvinoparadza zvinogona kukuvadza chubhu yasara kana zvishandiso zvekuredza, zvinodzivirira ngura zvinogona kuwedzerwa. Mumamiriro ezvinhu apo pane huwandu hwakawanda hwechikero kana marara mutsime, mvura yekuchenesa yakakodzera kana mvura ine simba rekutakura rakawedzerwa inogona kudiwa kuti ibvise zvinosvibisa uye ive nechokwadi chekuti kubata hove kuri kufamba zvakanaka. Mukubata hove dzechubhu dzine ngura mune mamwe matsime, mvura inoyerera mutsime yakagadziriswa nenguva, izvo zvakavandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekushanda uye zvakaderedza njodzi yekunamira kwezvishandiso.

Mukupedzisa, mabasa ekubata hove ane ngura anoda hunyanzvi hwepamusoro, kuronga kwakanaka, uye kuita zvinhu zvakasimba. Nekuteerera zvinhu izvi zvakakosha, mwero wekubudirira kwebasa rekubata hove unogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya, zvichideredza kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwemafuta negasi uye zvichideredza kurasikirwa kwehupfumi.

Bata: May Ye

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