Ndeipi basa guru rekudzivirira blowout?

Mukuvaka oiri uye gasi kuchera, kuitira kuti uburitse zvakachengeteka kuburikidza nepamusoro-kudzvanywa kwemafuta uye gasi maseru uye kudzivirira kunze-kwekudzora kudhirowa kwetsaona, seti yemidziyo - yekuchera tsime rekudzora mudziyo - inofanirwa kuiswa patsime remvura. tsime rekuchera.Kana dzvinyiriro iri mugomba iri shoma pane kuumbwa kwesimba, oiri, gasi, uye mvura muurongwa hwepasi pevhu zvinopinda mugomba moita kufashukira kana kukikwa.Muzviitiko zvakakomba, kuputika kwekuchera uye njodzi dzemoto dzinogona kuitika.Basa rekuchera tsime rekudzora mudziyo ndere kukurumidza uye nekukasira kuvhara tsime kana kufashukira kana kukikwa kuchiitika mutsime kudzivirira tsaona yekuvhuvhuta.

Kuchera tsime kudzora midziyo inonyanya kusanganisira: blowout preventer, spool, remote control console, driller's console, kuvhunga uye kuuraya zvakawanda, etc. Iyo yekuchera tsime kudzora mudziyo inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchera tekinoroji, iri nyore kushanda, uye inogona kukurumidza kuvhara nekuvhura iyo. wellhead.Inogona kudzorwa pane yekudhiraivha koni yekuchera rig kana pane iri kure console iri kure nemusoro wetsime.Chishandiso chinofanirwa kuve nekupikiswa kwekumanikidza uye chinogona kuona kudzora kuputika, kuuraya zvakanaka uye kugumburwa kwematurusi ekuchera.Mushure mekuisa inotenderera inodzivirira blowout, mabasa ekuchera anogona kuitwa pasina kuuraya tsime.

Kuchera BOPs kunogona kukamurwa kuita gondohwe rimwe chete, gondohwe kaviri, (annular) uye maBOP anotenderera.Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa pakuumbwa kuri kucherwa uye tekinoroji yekuchera, akati wandei ekudzivirira ekudzivirira anogona kushandiswa musanganiswa panguva imwe chete.Kune masaizi gumi neshanu ekuchera maBOP aripo.Saizi yekusarudzwa inoenderana nehukuru hwekasi mudhizaini yekuchera, kureva kuti, saizi yedhayamita yekuchera BOP yakakura zvishoma pane yekunze dhayamita yekasi coupling inomhanya zvakare.Dzvinyiriro yekudzivirira inoputika kubva pa3.5 kusvika ku175 MPa, ine huwandu hwe9 mazinga ekumanikidza.Nheyo yekusarudza inotarwa neiyo yakanyanya tsime musoro kudzvanywa kwakatsungirira kana uchivhara mugomba.