Kupatsanurwa kwetsime remafuta negasi kunowedzera nzira dzekugadzira

Tekinoroji yekuwedzera kugadzirwa kwetsime remafuta negasi inzira yekuvandudza kugona kwekugadzira matsime emafuta (kusanganisira matsime egasi) uye kugona kwemvura kupinza mvura mumatsime ekuisa mvura. Nzira dzinowanzo shandiswa dzinosanganisira hydraulic fracturing uye acidification treatment, kuwedzera pakuputika kwegomba, kurapwa kwe solvent, nezvimwewo.

1) Maitiro ekupwanya hydraulic

Kupwanya kwemvura inoputika ne hydraulic kunosanganisira kuisa mvura inoputika ne viscous yakawanda mugomba ne vhoriyamu yakawanda inopfuura kugona kwe hydraulic fracturing, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kumanikidzwa kwegomba repasi uye kupwanya gomba. Nekupinza mvura inoputika ne fracturing nguva dzose, mapfupa anoputika anowedzera kusvika pakadzika. Huwandu hwakati hwe proppant (kunyanya jecha) hunofanira kuiswa mumvura inoputika kudzivirira kuputika kuti kupwanya kusavharika mushure mekunge pombi yamira. Ma fractures akazadzwa ne proppant anochinja nzira yekubuda kwemafuta negasi mugomba, anowedzera nzvimbo inobuda ne flue, anoderedza kuramba kwemvura, uye anowedzera kaviri kugadzirwa kwegomba remafuta. "Shale gas", iro rakakurumbira zvikuru muindasitiri yemafuta pasi rose munguva pfupi yapfuura, rinobatsirwa nekukura nekukurumidza kwetekinoroji ye hydraulic fracturing!

2) Kurapa kweacid mutsime remafuta

Kurapa kwekuisa acid mutsime remafuta kwakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: kurapwa kwehydrochloric acid pakugadzira matombo ecarbonate uye kurapwa kweivhu pakugadzira sandstone. Kunozivikanwa sekuisa acid mutsime.

►Kurapa matombo e carbonate neHydrochloric acid: Matombo e carbonate akadai se limestone ne dolomite anosangana ne hydrochloric acid kugadzira calcium chloride kana magnesium chloride inonyungudika nyore mumvura, izvo zvinowedzera kupenya kwekugadzirwa uye zvinobudirira kuvandudza kugona kwekugadzira matsime emafuta. Pasi pemamiriro ekupisa ekugadzirwa, hydrochloric acid inosangana nekukurumidza nematombo, uye yakawanda yacho inodyiwa pedyo nepasi petsime uye haigone kupinda mukati memafuta, zvichikanganisa acidification effect.

►Kurapa ivhu neasidhi yejecha: Zvikamu zvikuru zvejecha iquartz nefeldspar. Masimende acho anowanzova silicates (senge ivhu) nemacarbonates, ese ari maviri anonyungudika muhydrofluoric acid. Zvisinei, mushure mekuita pakati pehydrofluoric acid nemacarbonates, calcium fluoride precipitation inoitika, izvo zvisingakonzeri kugadzirwa kwemafuta negasi. Kazhinji, jecha rinorapwa ne8-12% hydrochloric acid pamwe ne2-4% hydrofluoric acid yakasanganiswa nesoil acid kudzivirira calcium fluoride precipitation. Kuwanda kwehydrofluoric acid musoil acid hakufanirwe kunge kwakanyanya kudzivirira kukuvadza chimiro chejecha uye kukonzera tsaona dzekugadzira jecha. Kuti kudzivirira kusawirirana pakati pecalcium nemagnesium ions mukugadzirwa uye hydrofluoric acid nezvimwe zvikonzero, kugadzirwa kwacho kunofanirwa kurapwa nehydrochloric acid usati waisa soil acid. Pretreatment range inofanira kunge yakakura kupfuura soil acid treatment range. Tekinoroji ye authigenic soil acid yakagadzirwa mumakore achangopfuura. Methyl formate neammonium fluoride zvinoshandiswa kuita basa rekuumba mafuta kuti zvigadzire hydrofluoric acid, iyo inoshanda mukati memafuta anodziya zvakanyanya mumatsime akadzika kuti ivandudze simba rekurapa ivhu neacid. Izvi zvinoita kuti matsime eoiri akwanise kugadzirwa zvakanaka.