Mhando makumi maviri dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekuchera uye mhinduro 2

11. Ndezvipi zvinetso zvatinofanira kutarisisa patinenge tichiboora zvidimbu zvepamusoro zvakapfava?

(1) Pakuboorera pasi pechikamu chepamusoro, chidimbu chekuboorera chinofanira kuburitswa, Taper Taps inofanira kuchinjwa, uye pombi yekuboorera inofanira kubatanidzwa negomba.

(2) Chengetedza kuyerera kwakanaka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemvura yekuboorera;

(3) Kurovera, kupfuudza zvakanyanya, kunogona kudhonzwa nemazvo;

(4) Kuboora kwemagetsi hakubvumidzwe zvachose;

12. Chii chinoita kuti pombi isavhurwe mushure mekuboorwa? Ungagadzirisa sei dambudziko iri?

Zvikonzero zvacho ndeizvi:

(1) pane ivhu muchishandiso chekuboorera kana zvinhu zvinowira muchishandiso chekuboorera chakavharirwa neburi rekuboorera;

(2) kumhanya kwekuchera pasi kwakanyanya kukurumidza, kuchera zvidimbu zvemvura mumudziyo wekuchera, kana nekuda kwekuputsika kwemadziro etsime, musana wakakomba, kuchekwa mumudziyo wekuchera, zvichivhara gomba remvura remuchina wekuchera;

(3) Keke revhu rakaita sedope pamadziro rakakora, pane marara akawanda ematombo akanamatira, uye chidimbu chegomba chinosvinwa mugomba remvura panguva yekuboora;

(4) kuomesa mapaipi epasi kana maturusi ekuboorera munguva yechando;

(5) Sefa yekuboorera yakavharwa netsvina;

(6) keke revhu rakakora pamadziro kana kuti madziro anodonha, annulus haina kutsetseka, uye mvura inoboorwa haigone kudzoka kumusoro;

(7) Panguva yekuboora, pane kumanikidzwa kwakasimba kana kuti makoramu akawanda haadzose mvura yekuboora, uye chidimbu chekuboora chinodzvanywa muzvidimbu, zvichikonzera kuvhurika kwepombi;

Kurapa: Kana pombi isina kuvhurwa, zvakakosha kutanga wabvisa zvinhu zviri pasi, wobva wagadzirisa kuvharika kwegomba. Kana gomba rekuboorera rakavharwa, chishandiso chekuboorera chinogona kufambiswa zvakanyanya uye gomba remvura rinogona kuvhurwa uchishandisa kumanikidzwa kwakawedzerwa. Kana annulus yakavharwa, chishandiso chekuboorera chinofanira kufambiswa kumusoro nekudzika kuti chibudise annulus, uye pombi inofanira kuvhurwa zvishoma nezvishoma nekukasira. Kana annulus isingashande, bhora rinofanira kutanga kuvhurwa zvakare muchikamu chetsime chakavhurika, uye wozoboorera pasi. Kana zvikaonekwa kuti bhora riri kubuda, bhora rinofanira kutanga nekukasika, uye pombi haifanirwe kuvhurwa pakati kudzivirira bhora kuti risaputsike uye kukonzera kubhoorera kwakaoma.

13. Chii chinokonzera kuwedzera kwekumanikidzwa kwekupomba mukuchera? Ungagadzirisa sei dambudziko iri?

Zvikonzero zvacho ndeizvi: kudonha kwetsime, kuvharika kwemakomba emvura ekushandisa pakuboorera, huwandu hwakawanda hwematombo akaunganidzwa mumakomba madiki, kuchinja kwekushanda kwemvura yekuboorera, ganda rakachekwa kana kuti banga rakabviswa, huwandu hwemvura yekuboorera husina kufanana.

Nzira yekurapa: Kana tsime richidonha, mvura yekuboora inofanira kutenderera zvakanyanya, kudzokorora kuboora, kuita bhokisi rakarasika, kuchera nechisimba zvishoma kuti zvidzore zvakajairika. Kana kucheka kwepombi yekuboora kunofanira kubviswa nekutenderedza kana kufambisa pombi yekuboora kumusoro nekudzika. Kana kumanikidzwa kwepombi kukaramba kuchikwira, kuchera nekupomba kunogona kumiswa, uye kuunganidza kunotyoka uye pombi inobva yabuda. Kana kushanda kwemvura yekuboora kukaderera, kuchera kunofanira kumiswa. Kana huwandu hwemvura yekuboora husina kufanana, wedzera barite muzvikamu kana kutenderera pombi imwe uye sanganisa pombi imwe nekumanikidzwa kwakaderera kuti iite yakafanana.

14. Chii chinokonzera kudzikira kwesimba rekupomba pakuchera? Nzira yekutarisa sei? Nzira yekugadzirisa sei dambudziko iri?

Kudonha kwesimba repombi kunokonzera kudonha kwesimba, mvura yepombi haina kunaka, kubuda kwepaipi kana gedhi, kuboorwa kwezvishandiso zvekuboorera kunokonzera kutenderera kwemhepo kwenguva pfupi, kuboorwa kwegomba rekuboorera kana kubva pamuromo, kuputsika kwezvishandiso zvekuboorera, kubuda kwemvura, bubble rekupinda kwegasi remvura yekuboorera nezvimwewo.

Nzira yekuongorora: Kutanga tarisa pasi, mamiriro ekushanda kwepombi, mapaipi. Kana gedhi rakaboorwa kana kuti rakapfupikiswa, kana pressure gauge yakarurama, wobva wafunga kana downhole drilling tool yakaboorwa kana kuti yakatyoka, kana nozzle yakaboorwa kana kuti yakadonha, uye kana paine kubuda kwemvura.

Nzira yekurapa: Kugadziriswa kwekukurumidzira kunofanirwa kurongwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvepasi, uye kurapwa kwemvura inocherwa pakuchera kunofanirwa kubviswa. Mushure mekunge chishandiso chekuboorera kana muromo waboorwa, tanga kuboorera nekukasika, tarisa chishandiso chekuboorera zvakadzama, usashandise turntable shackle panguva yekuboorera, usabhureki zvakasimba kudzivirira chishandiso chekuboorera kuti chisagumbuke nekutyoka. Kana chikarasikirwa, mvura inocherwa inofanira kupombwa nguva dzese nekukasika.

15. Kuboorera plate inotenderera kuwedzera mutoro, kubvisa plate inotenderera pasi pemotokari chikonzero nei? Ungagadzirisa sei?

Zvikonzero:

(1) kudonha kwemaumbirwo emarara kudonha (sekuboorera zvikanganiso, mitswe, nzvimbo yekutyoka kwemaumbirwo, nezvimwewo);

(2) Paketi yedhirowa rakaoma kana yevhu;

(3) koni ye bit yakanamirwa kana kuti chidimbu che scraper;

(4) zvinhu zvinowira pasi;

(5) Kutenderera kwenguva pfupi, zvidimbu hazvigone kubuda;

(6) Nzira yetsime rinoenda kwariri haina kunaka, nzvimbo yakakombama yetsime yakakura, nzvimbo yacho yakakura, uye gumbo rembwa rakakomba;

Nzira yekurapa: Kutanga tarisa kana chidhinha chekuchera chiri chakajairika, kana chakaoma, kuti usimudze chishandiso chekuchera chichidzokororwa kakawanda, uyezve, nekutendeuka kwechiedza kuti utarise chidhinha chekuchera, kana denderedzwa pfupi richifanira kutanga kuchera kuti utarise chishandiso chekuchera. Zvichienderana nekufanotaura kwekuumbwa, data remugodhi riri pedyo, uye zvidimbu zvakadzoserwa, nzvimbo nenzvimbo yekudonha kwetsime zvinoongororwa, uye matanho anoshanda anotorwa kubvisa nekudzivirira kucherwa kwakabatwa. Kana dambudziko renzira yetsime rikagadziriswa, chishandiso chekuchera chinogona kurerutswa uye torque inogona kuderedzwa.

16. Chii chinokonzera kusvetuka kunowanikwa mukuboorera? Ungagadzirisa sei?

Kuboorera kwepasi pevhu kunoitika mukuboorera kwekoni, zvikonzero ndeizvi:

(1) Kuchera kwakasangana nejecha rakapfava uye rakaoma, zvidimbu zvisina kuenzana zvematombo edombo;

(2) zvinhu zvinodonha kana kudonha mugomba;

(3) Kupisa kwakanyanya kana uchishandisa chibooreso chikuru chemazino;

Nzira yekurapa: Gadzirisa maparamita kuti asaburitse kuchera, uye ita mutongo wakakwana zvichienderana nekugadzirwa kwe lithology, kana kurapwa kusingashande, funga nezvechinhu chiri pasi pegomba, kuchera kuti utarise kusakara kwechidimbu, uye tora matanho anoshanda, mukuita izvi kudzivirira kuchera kwakanamirwa.

17. Chii chinokonzera kusvetuka-svetuka kwebhiti? Ungagadzirisa sei dambudziko iri?

(1) Chidimbu chekukwenya chinosangana nepamusoro pakapfava uye pakaoma pechiumbwa;

(2) huremu hwechikwambo chakakura zvakanyanya kana kuti chakaboorwa;

(3) kuchera dombo kana bako redombo remabwe;

(4) Kuumbwa kwezvinhu kunovhara kana kudonha mugomba;

(5) dhaka rekoni kana kuti koni rakanamirwa;

(6) Donhedza kona kana banga rekukwenya;

(7) Dhayamita yechinhu chinokwenya dhayamita idiki pane dhayamita yechinhu chinosimbisa mushure mekukuya;

Kurapa: Kana chikonzero chekuumbwa chichigona kugadziriswa kuti chibvise huremu pa bit speed, kana chikasashanda, chingave chakakonzerwa ne bit kana chinhu chinodonha, kuchera kunofanira kuongororwa kuti kuonekwe danho rinotevera.

18, kucherwa kwecheni yekufambisa kwakatyoka kunofanira kunge kuri maitirwo api?

(1) Kutanga, kutenderera kunofanira kuchengetedzwa;

(2) Kana tsime risina kudzika, shandisa vashandi kutenderedza kelly kana kushandisa gasi rinosimudza kudhonza cheni ye turntable kuti ufambise chibooreso;

(3) Kana tsime rakadzika, chikamu kana huremu hwese hwechishandiso chekuboorera hunodzvanywa pasi, zvichikonzera kukotama kwechishandiso chekuboorera uye mukana wekunamira unodzikira;

(4) Ronga vashandi nekukurumidza kuti vabate cheni, uye wobva wasimudza chishandiso chekuboorera kuti utarise zvikamu zvakajairika mushure mekutangazve kuboora;

19. Chii chinoita kuti hosipaipi isanganiswe nepaipi yekelly painoboorwa? Ungagadzirisa sei dambudziko iri?

Chikonzero ndechekuti bearing inotenderera ine matambudziko (akaipa, kushaya bota, nezvimwewo) dhisiki rechubhu rinoyerera rakamanikana zvakanyanya, kelly yakakombama uye turntable inotyisa, tambo yepombi inodzivisa kutenderedza haina kusungwa zvinoenderana nemutemo, uye hoko hombe haina kuvharwa. Mushure mekunge hose yatenderedzwa kelly, kelly inogona kudhonzwa nekusimudza pliers, uye pombi kana kelly inogona kubviswa kana yakabatwa zvakanyanya; Kana pombi inoyerera yakamanikana zvakanyanya uye yakatenderedzwa zvishoma papombi yekelly, tambo inosungirirwa inogona kushandiswa kugadzirisa pombi uye kutenderera zvishoma kwenguva yakati.

20. Chii chinokonzera kudzikira kwehuremu hwekurembera kwemunwe wepakati? Ungagadzirisa sei?

Chikonzero ndechekuti chiyero chekuyera huremu chakashata kana kuti pombi yekuboorera yakatyoka.

Nzira yekurapa: tanga wasimudza pombi yekuboorera kuti utarise sensor yekuyera uremu, kana pombi yekufambisa pressure netafura kana joint zviri kudonhedza mafuta, kana zvikamu zvacho zvakakuvara, wobva wagadzirisazve chiyero chekuyera uremu. Kana tafura yekuyera uremu isina kukuvadzwa, tanga nekukasika kuboorera kuti utarise chishandiso chekuboorera, uye sarudza nzira yekurapa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.